Vitamin D is unique as it acts as a pre-hormone that gets converted into the hormone calcitriol in the body. It can be found in limited amounts in foods and produced in the skin when exposed to sunlight. However, it must be converted into its active form to be effective.
Vitamin D is essential for bone health, and insufficient levels are associated with various health issues like bone disease, malnutrition, and liver or kidney disease. On the other hand, elevated levels can cause problems such as calcium dysregulation, bone demineralization, and gastrointestinal complications.
Low vitamin D levels have been linked to a variety of health problems, including osteoporosis, hypertension, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. Meanwhile, high levels can result from excessive supplementation and cause symptoms like apathy, confusion, and abdominal pain. Vitamin D receptors are found throughout the body, and its effects go beyond bone health, with evidence suggesting links to cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer.
It is essential to monitor vitamin D levels, especially in at-risk populations, and to adjust supplementation or dietary intake to maintain optimal levels.
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