Transferrin is the main transport protein for iron in the blood. By binding iron, transferrin keeps it from becoming a dangerous free radical that can damage cells, tissues, and organs. Transferrin also helps keep iron away from bacteria that can use it for their own growth.
A low serum transferrin may be associated with inflammation, chronic illness, malnutrition, and hemolytic, pernicious, and sickle cell anemia. Serum transferrin is made in the liver so levels can also decrease if liver function decreases.
Serum transferrin will increase with iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy, polycythemia vera, and oral contraceptive use.
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