Immunoglobulin M (IgM) plays a vital role in the early immune response to infection and is involved in determining ABO blood types and rheumatoid factor. It is produced early in response to pathogens and activates the classical complement system.
IgM not only protects against various infections but may also help guard against autoimmunity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Low IgM levels can occur due to hypoproteinemia, AIDS, or leukemia, while high IgM levels may be seen in chronic infections or autoimmune diseases.
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