Luteinizing hormone (LH) is produced in the pituitary gland but has very important effects on ovulation, fertility, and regulation of estrogen in women. Blood levels of LH will surge 24 hours to ovulation, a time when fertility peaks. Besides ovulation, LH also supports egg implantation and menstrual cycle regulation.
Low levels in the blood can occur with stress, malnutrition, calorie deficit, pesticide exposure, and certain medications including oral contraceptives.
Higher blood levels are associated with menopause, polycystic ovaries, amenorrhea, pituitary tumors, and certain medications. Higher levels in the blood may be associated with lower levels in the brain which can negatively affect memory and cognition. Research suggests that reducing the surge serum LH that occurs with menopause may help normalize brain LH and improve cognition.
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